How To Use Et Al At The End Of A Sentence

Always refers to plural authors and dalton et al 1989 would indicate two authors aside from dalton.

How to use et al at the end of a sentence. Despite gaining an understanding of the meaning of et al authors are often still confused about how to write et al. In apa 7 for a work with three or more authors list the first author and et al for all citations including the first citation unless doing so would create ambiguity. It can sound unnatural when read aloud so an unabbreviated english equivalent is often better in less formal writing. Et al petal metal vegetal let alone get along metallic retaliate. In general et al.

Essentially the second word of the term et al takes on a period et al irrespective of whether it falls in the middle of a sentence. Or it could be. For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations. I m not convinced of that. For sources with six or more authors use et al from the first citation.

Does not need to be italicized in normal use. And others used as an abbreviation of et alii masculine plural or et aliae feminine plural or et alia neutral plural when referring to a number of people 2. For both the first and subsequent in text citations both the authors should be listed out as dalton wade 1989. If you re instructed to follow the 6th edition the use of et al is slightly different. And others used as an abbreviation.

If a work has 4 or more authors cite only the surname of the first listed author followed by et al wherever the reference occurs in the text et al is the latin term for and others. And elsewhere used when referring to other occurrences in a text et al. Should be avoided because et al. Andreas blass feb 1 15 at 21 45. The notation for subsequent multiple authors for an in text citation is the first authors name followed by et al.

Don t use et al. For example at the end of the sentence use jones et al 1993. The accepted answer on the other one says it s a matter of style but i don t think any style guide would endorse op s suggested usage it s true vincent s answer does explicitly say repeating the period is incorrect but taking the page as a whole if you had nothing else to go on you d have to assume op has a free choice here. The usage of et al. If there are fewer than three authors.